Density specific gravity an overview sciencedirect. This test method determines the specific gravity of fine aggregates that have been soaked for a period of 1519 hrs. Bulk volume the volume of a granular material including the volume of the solid. The specific gravity of soil generally ranges from 2. Eliminating the guesswork a new absorptionspecific gravity test for aggregate. The bulk ssd specific gravity and absorption are based on. Effect of specific gravity on aggregate varies the weight. The specific gravity of an aggregate is considered to be a measure of strength or quality of the material. Specific gravity, density, voids, absorption and bulking ced 2. Specific gravity, moisture content, and density relationship. Specific gravity and absorption of fine aggregate nebraska.
Specific gravity of fine aggregate test on aggregates september 4, 2017 august 21, 2019 readcivil 0 comments fine aggregate is used in many fields in sites for many purposes. Engineering properties of soils based on laboratory testing prof. This comparison is in the form of ratio and is termed as the specific gravity of the soil. Water at 270c is filled up in the pycnometer with aggregate sample, to just immerse sample. Jan 06, 2017 sand particles composed of quartz have a specific gravity ranging from 2.
Sacramento, california 958194612 method of test for specific gravity and absorption of fine aggregate a. Specific gravity of soil test civil engineering community. The fine aggregate specific gravity test figure 1 is used to calculate the specific gravity of a fine aggregate sample by determining the ratio of the weight of a given volume of aggregate to the weight of an equal volume of water. The specific gravity of all other materials are compared to water as a fraction heavier or fraction lighter density, no matter how small or large the fraction is. Quick test method for determining specific gravity of. Ct 209 july 1, 2011 pdf method of test for specific gravity. For example, ammonium nitrate has a specific gravity sg of 0. National academies of sciences, engineering, and medicine. Determination of the specific gravity and water absorption of the aggregates. Designation d85402 and to calculate the specific gravity of aggregates coarser than the no. The specific gravity may be expressed as bulk oven dry od specific gravity, bulk saturated surface dry ssd specific gravity, or apparent specific gravity. Gases are often compared with dry air, having a density of 1. The density of wood depends on specific gravity and moisture content.
Procedure for specific gravity determination of aggregate finer than 6. Specific gravity, moisture content, and density relationship for wood william t. Ct 208 september 1, 2011 pdf method of test for apparent specific gravity of fine aggregates. The specific gravity of soil is determined using the relation. Bulk specific gravity also known as bulk dry specific gravity. Specific gravity of cement or desnsity of cement le. The specific gravity sg is a dimensionless unit defined as the ratio of density of the material to the density of water at a specified temperature. The specific gravity of soil is defined as the unit weight of the soil mass divided by the unit weight of distilled water at 4c. Improved test methods for specific gravity and absorption of coarse and fine aggregate. Specific gravity of aggregates is considered as an indication of strength. The setup consists of container for filling water and suspending the wire basket in it and. Specific gravity of soil test by pycnometer method. Sand particles composed of quartz have a specific gravity ranging from 2.
California test methods version selection caltrans. The ratio of the weight in air of a unit volume of aggregate. A balance of capacity not less than 3kg,readable and accurate to 0. Specific gravity, ratio of the density of a substance to that of a standard substance. Determination of specific gravity of fine aggregates. Dry test samples to constant weight in an oven set at 230 9f 110 5c. Procedure record all information on sfn 9987 or sfn 2455.
The specific gravity of sands is considered to be around 2. May, 2020 specific gravity, ratio of the density of a substance to that of a standard substance. Specific gravity of fine aggregatetest on aggregates. Specific gravity of fine aggregate sand is the ratio of the weight of given volume of aggregates to the weight of equal volume of water. Sfn 2199 72019 pit location laboratory number owner project number sampled from pcn type of material submitted by date received. Basically, specific gravity defines that the substance is how much heavier than water or reference substance of the same volume. Specific gravity is defined by astm d4439 from volume 04. Absorption and specific gravity specific gravity tctc. And the is code for specific gravity test is is 2720 part 3. Specific gravity flask for fine aggregate the phunque flask is the key element in a newly developed. Solids and liquids are often compared with water at 4 c, which has a density of 1. Specific gravity of fine aggregatetest on aggregates september 4, 2017 august 21, 2019 readcivil 0 comments fine aggregate is used in many fields in sites for many purposes. Standard test method for relative density specific. An average of the calculated specific gravity is used as the specific gravity of the entire sample.
The specific gravity of a soil is used in the phase relationship of air, water, and solids in a given volume of the soil. Obtain a test sample of approximately 1100 grams from the material to be tested by. Simpson, research forest products technologist forest products laboratory, madison, wisconsin introduction knowledge about the density of wood is useful for estimating shipping weights. The ratio of the weight in air of a unit volume of aggregate at a stated temperature to the weight in air of an equal volume. Scope this test method describes the procedure used for determining bulk specific gravity saturated. Specific gravity is the ratio of the mass of unit volume of soil at a stated temperature to the mass of the same volume of gasfree distilled water at a stated temperature. Comparison of specific gravity bulking of fine aggregate the test was conducted according to the procedure laid down in is 2386part iii. This lab is performed to determine the specific gravity of soil by using a pycnometer. Improved test methods for specific gravity and absorption. But textbooks usually describe testing specific gravity using a laboratory balance scale that few of us have in our homes. Determining specific gravity of aggregates im 307 iowa dot. Part i part ii part iii part iv part v part \11 part vi i part viii particle size and shape estimation of deleterious materials and organic impurities specific gravity, density, voids, absorption and bulking mechanical properties soundness measuring mortar making properties offine aggregate. For example, a sample of sand having an absorption of 5% and a specific gravity of 2.
It is some times required to compare the density of the soil solids to the density of water. Specific gravity sometimes referred to as density is a useful diagnostic attribute when trying to determine the mineral species of an unknown mineral specimen. The average value of specific gravity of the tested soil sample equals to 2. Mar 24, 2018 specific gravities can vary widely depending upon aggregate type.
Density specific gravity specific gravity is defined by astm d4439 from volume 04. This test method determines the specific gravity of coarse aggregates that. The specific gravity of aggregates normally used in construction ranges from about 2. Use this method to determine the bulk specific gravity and water absorption of. North dakota department of transportation, materials and research. The fine aggregate specific gravity test measures fine aggregate weight under three different sample conditions. Material having higher specific gravity is generally considered as having higher strength. Sep 10, 2017 as per is cement is retested for specific gravity test if it is three months older. Where m 1 mass of empty pycnometer, m 2 mass of the pycnometer with dry soil.
Specific gravity of fine aggregate sand is the ratio of the weight of given volume of aggregates to the. If the soils consist of porous and organic materials, a specific gravity value of less than 2 will be obtained. Test procedure for bulk specific gravity and water absorption of aggregate txdot designation. Pdf determination of the specific gravity and water. Test methods for these determinations are listed in chapters 3 and 4. Soils 263 fm 5472navfac mo 330afjman 321221i purpose perform this test to determine the specific gravity of solids which will be used to assist in the hydrometeranalysis test and to. This method covers the determination of bulk and apparent specific gravity. The determinations that may be made from this procedure are identical to those made in aashto t 85 specific gravity and absorption of coarse aggregate. The specify gravity test helps in identification of stone.
Standard test method for relative density specific gravity. Ct 207 march 1, 2000 pdf method of test for specific gravity and absorption of fine aggregate. Some deleterious particles are lighter than the good aggregates. Dry the test sample to a constant weight at a temperature of 230 9 f, cool in air at room temperature for 1 to 3h. Fine aggregate specific gravity pavement interactive. Density specific gravity an overview sciencedirect topics. Specific gravity of cement and test to find it civil read. Test for silt content in sand silt content test for sand quantity of silt in sand er. Test equipment for determining specific gravity of aggregate. Quick test method for determining specific gravity of mineral. Specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of. As per le chateliers principle, specific gravity of cement is determined by le chateliers flask method.
After the cooling period, immerse the sand in water at room temperature for a period of 15 to 19 hours. It is clear from table 1 in the theory part that the test was done on a sand sample of soil due to the range of the values of specific gravity. For more accurate result it is recommended to conduct tests 3 times on the same soil sample. Determination of specific gravity of fine aggregates the constructor. The specific gravity of soil particles will come within the range of 2. So the determination of specific gravity of fine aggregate is very essential.
California test 207 march 2012 department of transportation division of engineering services transportation laboratory 5900 folsom blvd. About g of clean sample is taken into the pycnometer, and it is weighed. The specific gravity of an object is the ratio between the density of an object to a reference liquid. Sand particles composed of quartz have a specific gravity ranging from.
Based on the results of the laboratory evaluation program. Astm d 85400 standard test for specific gravity of soil solids. Astm d854 14 standard test methods for specific gravity. As per is cement is retested for specific gravity test if it is three months older.
The soil sample to be tested for specific gravity must be. M 3 mass of the pycnometer and soil and water, m 4 mass of pycnometer filled with water only. Cool the sample at room temperature for 1 to 3 hours. The relative density specific gravity, a dimensionless quality, is expressed as ovendry od, saturatedsurfacedry ssd, or as apparent relative density specific gravity. It is similar in nature to the coarse aggregate specific gravity test. Improved test methods for specific gravity and absorption of. Setup of specific gravity test to be used for aggregate. Comparison of physical properties between natural sand and. Specific gravity and absorption of aggregate by volumetric immersion method phunquetest astm june 2015 meeting by bryce simons, p. Test specimen shall be a representative sample based on the following table. May 14, 20 objective for determination of specific gravity of soil solids by pycnometer method. A specific gravity value greater than 3 will be shown by soils that have heavy substances. A clean, dry pycnometer is taken and its empty weight is determined. Specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume of aggregate to the weight of an equal volume of water.
It is common to use the density of water at 4 o c 39 o f as reference at this point the density of water is at the highest specific gravities sg for common solids and metals can be found in the table below. This method of determining the specific gravity of soil is given here is applicable for soils composed of particles smaller than 4. Soils with large amounts of organic matter or porous particles such as diatomaceous earth have specific grav. When the soil contains particles larger than the 4. Astm d854 14 standard test methods for specific gravity of.
The increase in mass due to water in the pores of the material. This method of sample reduction is applicable to sands only. Astmspecific gravity and absorption of aggregate by. Specific gravities can vary widely depending upon aggregate type. Specific gravity of soil by pycnometer methodprocedure and. Methods of test for aggregates for concrete, part 3. Setup of specific gravity test to be used for aggregate 6. Organic matter and porous particles may have specific gravity. It is clear from table 1 in the theory part that the test was done on a sand sample of soil due to. Take an average of 3 values these values should not vary by more than 2 to 3% a sample calculation for specific gravity of soil is shown in the table given below detail of soil.
880 997 336 1035 465 364 1079 313 691 1274 749 652 1262 1517 1002 1175 1154 461 34 1220 147 384 1080 721 1264 966 647 822 1315 1041 452 644 1037 364 159 707 424 1271 614